Study of Cervical Cytology and Its Histopathological Correlation in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South West Bihar

Abstract

Background: Cervical cytology (Pap smear) is a popular screening method for early diagnosis of cervical abnormalities. Histopathology is the gold standard of diagnosis. This study looks at the relationship between cytological findings and histological diagnoses.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 100 patients was undertaken over a 10-month period. Cytology reports were compared to corresponding histopathology results. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and correlation rates were evaluated.
Results: The most prevalent cytology findings were inflammatory lesions (40%), followed by LSIL (20%) and HSIL (10%). Histopathology revealed benign lesions in 45% and CIN lesions in 45%. Cytology demonstrated 82% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Cyto-histological connection was found in 78% of instances (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Cervical cytology is an effective screening tool with a strong connection to histopathology. However, histological confirmation remains required for a definite diagnosis.